??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ???????? (1644-1648)? ????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ???? ???? ???????? ??? ???? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ???????????? ????????? ???????? ?? ??? ??????? ??????????? ????????? ???? ???? ?????? ????????????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ????????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ????????. ???? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ??? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? (1914-1918).

??? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ???????? ??? ????????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ????????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ???? ????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? 1919.

???? ???? ?????? ????? ???????? ?????? ??? ??? 1939? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ??? 1939 ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? 1945 ??? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ???????? ????? ???????? ???? ??????? ????? ????????? ????? ?????? ??? ????????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ???????.

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???? ??? ????????? ??? ???? ?????? ????????????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ????????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ???????? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ???????:-

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